Peptides

What are peptides and what do they consist of?

Peptides are chemical compounds naturally found in living organisms, both in humans and animals. They play a key role in many biological processes, supporting the proper functioning of the body. They are made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Depending on the length of the amino acid chain, peptides are divided into oligopeptides (short), polypeptides (longer) and proteins (longest). Typically, peptides contain a few to several dozen amino acid residues, influencing metabolic processes and regulating hormone secretion. Examples of natural peptides are insulin and oxytocin.

Peptides act similarly to hormones in their signalling function between cells and organs. They can also act as neurotransmitters. Due to their specific structure, they have a high bioavailability, which allows them to effectively penetrate the body's barriers and act at specific sites.

How are peptides formed and what are their types?

Peptides can be natural, produced by the organism, or synthetic, produced in the laboratory. Natural peptides are formed during protein biosynthesis through the process of translation, while synthetic ones are created by mimicking natural compounds using various liquid or solid phase synthesis techniques. Ribosomal peptides, such as insulin, are formed by the activity of ribosomes and have hormonal or signalling functions. Non-ribosomal peptides, such as glutathione, are synthesised enzymatically and can act as antioxidants.

What functions do peptides perform?

Peptides support numerous biological processes, including strengthening the immune system, accelerating the body's regeneration and supporting repair processes in tissues. They can also have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, protecting the body from oxidative stress. They promote the production of collagen, which benefits the skin by increasing its firmness and elasticity. Peptides can also support nervous system function, regulating processes related to pain sensation or stress responses.

Applications of peptides in medicine and science

Peptides are widely used in research into regenerative and anti-ageing therapies. They are used in the treatment of skeletal conditions, such as osteoporosis, and in therapies to aid recovery from injury. With their ability to modulate metabolism and support anabolic processes, they are also being studied to improve physical performance and increase muscle mass in debilitating diseases.

Safety in use and storage of peptides

Peptides require appropriate storage conditions to retain their properties. They are best stored between 4°C and -80°C, depending on the storage time. Protection from UV radiation and temperature fluctuations is crucial to avoid compound degradation. All these aspects are studied in the context of optimising their stability and efficacy in scientific applications.

Summary

Peptides represent a promising class of chemical compounds that may find application in numerous areas of research into health and regenerative processes. All information presented is educational and relates to the results of scientific research conducted in a laboratory setting.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

• The product (substance) is not a food or dietary supplement and is not suitable for human consumption.
• Keep out of the reach of children.
• Keep container tightly closed.
• Store in a dry, cool, shaded place; protect from moisture.
• Store only in the original container.
• Avoid contact during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
• Consult a doctor if you feel unwell or have adverse reactions related to contact.

The substance is not a food or dietary supplement and is not suitable for human consumption. The product is classified as a chemical reagent authorised in the European Union and can only be used for scientific research.